Topic 3: Tyranny, Freedom and the Rule of Law (Preamble paragraphs 3 and 4, See MODULE 13)

(i) Part One

In a 2014 speech by the UN Deputy Secretary-General on the rule of law, he said: “The rule of law, based on human rights, underpins peace and security.” He refers to the three pillars on which the rule of law is based: peace and security, development, and human rights, and he makes clear how many other social factors are connected.

What is ‘the Rule of Law’?

The rule of law is the restriction of the arbitrary exercise of power by making those with power comply with well-defined and established laws. It is also a framework within which citizens feel safe and secure.

Think about the behaviour of governments towards their own people and towards other nations. How are human rights and friendly relations between nations connected? A government that mistreats its own people is more likely to engage in wars of aggression, often as a distraction from the concerns of everyday life under the tyrannical government.

(ii) Part Two

The World Justice Project® (WJP) is an independent, multidisciplinary organisation working to advance the rule of law worldwide.

It monitors eight different factors in evaluating the state of democracy in 140 countries: constraints on government power; absence of corruption; open government; fundamental rights; order and security; regulatory enforcement; civil justice; criminal justice.

Effective rule of law reduces corruption, combats poverty and disease, and protects people from injustices large and small. It is the foundation for communities of equity, opportunity, and peace, underpinning development, accountable government, and respect for fundamental rights.

Traditionally, the rule of law has been viewed as the province of lawyers and judges. But everyday issues of safety and security, rights, justice, and governance affect us all; everyone is a stakeholder in the rule of law.

(iii) Simplified version of paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Preamble

Because it is important that the laws should protect all people so that no one is forced to rebel against cruelty.

Because it is important that countries learn to get along with one another.